NEWS & VIEWS ( ALL IN ONE )

*25 Feb (Sunday)*
*Vedic Ritu/* Shishir Ritu
*Drik Ritu* : Vasant (Spring)
पक्ष :: *Krishnapaksh*
*Vikram Samvat - 2080*
*Shaka Samvat - 1945*
*Month* : Magha 16 (Amanta)
Phalguna 01 (Purnimanta) *Nakshatr*:Purva Phalguni, Uttara Phalguni
*Tithi :* Pratipada (up to 8:36 pm)Dwitiya
*Rahu* 04:58 PM – 06:24 PM
*Yamaganda* 12:40 PM – 02:06 PM

*WEEKEND NEWS UPDATES @ HELPFUL FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS #STATE & UPSC* https://youtu.be/zBZ04xSyynw?si=ZpAlcPs01zHBrVBb

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*TODAYS TOP NEWS*
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1. PM Modi will share his thoughts with the nation through his Mann Ki Baat programme on Akashvani at 11 AM today. It will be the 110th episode of the monthly radio programme.

2. PM Modi will dedicate to the nation country's longest signature stayed ‘Sudarshan Setu’ connecting Okha mainland with Beyt Dwarka island today. PM will inaugurate and lay the foundation stone of multiple development projects worth over 52,250 crore rupees at Dwaraka and Rajkot Gujarat.

3. The AIIMS at Kalyani, is scheduled to be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually on Sunday, The AIIMS Kalyani, located in Nadia district of the state, has been set up on an area larger than 20,000 square metres.

4. PM Modi will virtually dedicate 300 bedded satellite Centre of Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) on Sunday (25th February 2024) in Sangrur, Punjab from Rajkot, Gujarat. The Prime Minister will also lay the foundation stone of 100 bedded Satellite Centre of PGIMER at Ferozpur, Punjab.

5. Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma informed that the cabinet has approved the Assam Official Language (Amendment) Bill, 2024, to recognise the Manipuri language in four districts – Cachar, Karimganj, Hailakandi and Hojai.

6. Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Saturday travelled by a local train from Ghatkopar in Mumbai to Kalyan in neighbouring Thane district.

7. The Rahul Gandhi-led Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra on Saturday resumed from Moradabad in Uttar Pradesh with Congress general secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra joining her brother in the yatra's final leg in the state. She will accompany Gandhi as the yatra passes through Amroha, Sambhal, Bulandshahr, Aligarh, Hathras, Agra, concluding at Fatehpur Sikri on Sunday.

8. An alliance between the Aam Aadmi Party and the Congress in Delhi and in different states, including Gujarat and Haryana, for the Lok Sabha polls announced. In Delhi, the Congress will contest on three seats -- Chandni Chowk, North East and North West --, while the AAP will contest on four seats -- New Delhi, West Delhi, South Delhi and East Delhi.

In Gujarat the Congress will contest on 24 Lok Sabha seats out of 26 while the AAP will have its candidates on two seats in Bharuch and Bhavnagar.

9. On the instructions of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, the police constable recruitment examination held on 17 and 18 February in Uttar Pradesh has been cancelled. The examination will be conducted again with complete accuracy within the next 6 months. Candidates reappearing in the examination would be provided free transport facilities by Uttar Pradesh Transport Corporation.

10. In Maharashtra: Nationalist Congress Party founder Sharad Pawar on Saturday unveiled his outfit's symbol -- 'man blowing turha (traditional trumpet)' -- calling it an inspiration to launch a new struggle for people's welfare and a government which works for their upliftment.

11. The two day meeting of the full election commission in Chennai concluded on Saturday ( 24 February 2024) . The meeting reviewed the poll preparedness ahead of the Lok Sabha election. Chief Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar and Election Commissioner Arun Goel led the meeting for the past two days with representatives of political parties district collectors and district police officials.

12. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecast thunderstorm and lightning over Central India in the upcoming days. The IMD said that light to moderate rainfall, thunderstorms and lighting will fall over parts of Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha, Chhattisgarh and Telangana.

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*LEGAL REPORT*
#Chief Justice of India:
Shri Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud

#Minister Of Law & Justice : Arjun Ram Meghwal
#International Court Of Justice Prz. : Nawaf Salam

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1. The Election Commission of India on Saturday debunked a fake WhatsApp message circulating about the schedule for the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. In a social media post, the Commission said no dates have been announced so far by the Election Commission and called it a fake message. It further stated that the dates of the election will be announced through a press conference.

2. Farmers participating in the 'Delhi Chalo' call will not end their agitation until their demands are met, farmer leader Sarwan Singh Pandher said on Saturday while indicating that their stir may continue even after the model code of conduct for the Lok Sabha polls comes into force.

3. Authorities initiated the process of partially reopening Singhu and Tikri borders with Haryana on Saturday, almost two weeks after they were sealed in view of farmers' 'Delhi Chalo' march.

Fact check team of Press Information Bureau - PIB, Government of India has cautioned the public about the AI generated images of farmers'protests which are circulating on social media. Team clarified that the photo used in social media is a representative image created by AI and not an authentic photograph.

4. Haldwani violence alleged mastermind Abdul Malik was arrested from Delhi on Saturday, Malik allegedly built an "illegal" madrasa in the Banbhoolpura area of Haldwani. Its demolition led to the violence in Banbhoolpura area of Haldwani on 8 February. Six people were killed and more than a hundred including police personnel and journalists injured in the Banbhoolpura violence.

5. The newly enacted laws -- the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and the Bharatiya Sakshya Act -- to completely overhaul the criminal justice system in the country will come into effect from July 1.

The three laws got the Parliament's approval on December 21 last year and President Droupadi Murmu gave her assent on December 25.

6. The Rajasthan government has suspended two teachers from a government school in Kota district for their alleged involvement in religious conversion and ties to banned terror outfits links to Pakistani groups.

7. Protests against alleged land-grabbing by TMC leaders spread to Majherpara and Halderpara localities in West Bengal’s Sandeshkhali block on Saturday. Protesters sought the arrest of fugitive TMC leader Sheikh Shahjahan and his brother Sheikh Sirajuddin.

"""""""""" *MISHAP* """"""""""
Twenty people, including seven children, died when the tractor-trolley in which they were travelling overturned and fell into a pond in Uttar Pradesh's Kasganj district on Saturday morning. They were going to take a bath in the Ganga river.

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*FINANCE*
#Minister: Nirmala Sitharaman.
#Commerce & Industry : Piyush Goyal
#RBI Gvrnr: Shaktikanta Das
#President of the World Bank : Ajay Banga
#IMF MD: Kristalina Georgieva
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 *USD* ₹ 82.88
💷 *GBP* ₹ 105.09
€ *Euro* : ₹ 89.82
********************
*GDP(PPP )* :
purchasing power parity (PPP)
*$13.119 trillion*

*GDP (nominal)*
: *$3.73 trillion*
(Nominal means total market value of all goods and services produced in a country's economy) .

*GDP growth* : 7.6% (Q2 2023-24)

India is the fifth largest economy in the world.

*Inflation rate* : Retail Inflation 5.69% in Dec 2023

*Population* : 143.86 cr
(17.7% of the total world population).
*Unemployment* : 10.09% (Oct2023)

*Per capita*: This income is also known as average income as it is calculated by dividing the total income of the country by the total population of the country.

*GDP per capita*
$2,845 (Nominal; 2024)
$9,983 (PPP; 2024)

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*BSE SENSEX*
73,142.80 −15.45 (0.021%)🔻
*NIFTY*
22,212.70 −4.75 (0.021%)🔻
***********************
*Rates in Financial Capital Mumbai*

*GOLD* : ₹ 62,730/10gm (24 krt)

*SILVER* : ₹ 75,000/KG

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⛽ *FUEL in DELHI*
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*PETROL* : ₹ 97/Ltr
*DIESEL* : ₹ 90/Ltr
*CNG* : ₹ 76/Ltr
*LPG* : ₹ 903/14.2 Kg
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⛽ *FUEL in MUMBAI*
********************
*PETROL* : ₹ 106/Ltr
*DIESEL* : 95/Ltr
*Auto Gas* : ₹ 60/Ltr
*CNG* : 76/Kg
*LPG* : ₹ 903/14.2 Kg
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*ENTERTAINMENT NEWS*

#Information and Broadcasting Minister: Shri Anurag Singh Thakur

#Chairman of The Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) :
R Madhavan

#Chairman of Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC): Prasoon Joshi
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Yami Gautam and Priyamani starrer Article 370 Budget & Day 2 Box Office Collection Worldwide is off to a good start and is the 3rd highest of 2024 after Fighter and Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya.

ARTICLE 370 TOTAL TILL NOW BOX OFFICE COLLECTION
12.25 to 13.25 Crore nett Trade Figure

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*DEFENCE*
#Supreme Commander of Armed Forces: The President
#Def Minister: Rajnath Singh
#Def Minister of State :
Ajay Bhatt
#Union Home : Amit Shah
#National Security Advisor : Ajit Doval
#Chief of Defence Staff:
Gen Anil Chauhan, PVSM UYSM AVSM SM VSM
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1. DRDO will showcase its state-of-the-art Wheeled CBRN 8x8 vehicle that will be displayed for the first time in the MSME Defence Expo from February 24th to 26th at the Pune International Exhibition and Convention Centre (PIECC).

2. An Indian warship provided critical assistance to a Palau-flagged cargo vessel in the Gulf of Aden after it caught fire following a missile attack, in the latest in a series of such support missions by the Indian Navy in the region. The vessel MV Islander came under attack on February 22 and a crew member of the ship sustained injuries, Indian military officials said Saturday.

3. The Indian Navy has launched a probe into reports of large fishing vessels bearing Chinese flags allegedly sneaking into the Indian territorial waters in the Arabian Sea near the Karnataka coastal region.

4. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh on Friday held talks with his Dutch counterpart Kajsa Ollongren with a focus on boosting industrial defence cooperation.

5. Recently the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) has given the green light for procuring more than 200 BrahMos extended-range supersonic cruise missiles for deployment on warships, as per media reports. The proposed acquisition deal – estimated at around ₹19,000 crore – was reportedly cleared in a committee meeting.

6. In a joint operation with Meghalaya police, the Border Security Force (BSF) seized a large quantity of sugar and betel nuts valued at over Rs 20 lakh. The illegal consignment was seized along the international border of South Garo Hills before it could be smuggled into Bangladesh.

7. As part of continued endeavour to reach out to the Veterans and Veer Naris, Trishakti Corps conducted Ex Servicemen (ESM) Rally at Kalimpong on Saturday (24th February 2024). The event was attended by 563 ESM and included 05 Veer Naris and 03 War Veterans along with their dependents.

8. The country's largest and Maharashtra's first 'Maharashtra MSME Defense Expo' was inaugurated by Deputy Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis on Saturday evening at International Exhibition and Convention Center at Moshi near Pune.

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✈ *INTERNATIONAL NEWS*
+++++++++++++++++++
#External affairs Minister: Subrahmanyam Jaishankar
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1. On the sidelines of Raisina Dialogue in Delhi, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar met with Australia's Director-General of the Office of National Intelligence (ONI), Andrew Shearer on Saturday.

2. External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar on Saturday underscored the Quad's transformation into a "significant and substantive platform" for four major Indo-Pacific democracies while highlighting its role in upholding an open and inclusive Indo-Pacific. In an address during the closing day of the Raisina Dialogue in the national capital, Jaishankar acknowledged the Quad's emergence as a response to global necessities.

3. External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar on Friday emphasised that India has a partnership with individual countries, adding that it also has a partnership with the European Union as a whole.

4. External Affairs Minister, S Jaishankar on Friday said that India should not give power to other countries to influence its policy changes and should be confident enough to "leverage the international system to create the best possible outcome" for itself.

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🌎 *WORLD NEWS* 🌍
UNO Gen. Secy : António Guterres.
========================
1. *UN CHIEF AGAIN CALLS FOR RUSSIA TO STOP INVASION OF UKRAINE:* United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres has reiterated his call for the "fundamental need to honour the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine," as the world body convened to mark the second anniversary of the Russian invasion.

2. The second anniversary of the Russia-Ukraine war saw a major Russian steel factory hit by Ukrainian drones on Saturday (Feb 24). The attack happened overnight, causing a large fire. The attack was confirmed by the governor of Russia's Lipetsk region, which took place in the city of Lipetsk, some 400 km (250 miles) north of the Ukrainian border.

3. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said the cabinet will convene next week to discuss and approve Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) plans to launch a ground offensive in Rafah - the southernmost city in the Gaza Strip. Netanyahu added that the meeting will also include plans for the evacuation of civilians from the area.

4. Alexei Navalny's body returned to his mother over a week after his death in Russian prison. On 16 February 2024, the Russian prison service reported that Alexei Navalny, opposition leader and President Vladimir Putin's most vociferous critic, had died at the age of 47.

US President Joe Biden met with the wife and daughter of late Russian opposition leader Alexey Navalny in San Francisco and expressed his heartfelt condolences following the death of Russian leader in prison.

5. Tunisian court sentenced former President Moncef Marzouki to eight years in prison after he was found guilty in absentia of seeking to provoke disorder.

6. At least 15 people were killed and 44 wounded in a fire at a residential building in China’s eastern city of Nanjing.

7. In Pakistan: PicThe Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam Fazl (JUI-F) on Friday staged protest rallies in various parts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's Malakand and Hazara divisions against the alleged election rigging and Supreme Court verdict in a 'proscribed literature' case. Pakistan's apex court recently issued a release order for a person accused of distributing supposedly proscribed religious literature.

8. Former US President Donald Trump has defeated his Indian-American Republican rival Nikki Haley in the crucial party primary in the latter's home turf of South Carolina.

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🚣🚴🏇🏊 *SPORTS*
#Minister: Shri Anurag Singh Thakur
#BCCI president:
Roger Binny
#Hockey India President:
Dilip Tirkey
#16th President of the Indian Olympic Association : P. T. Usha
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1. *WOMENS PREMIER LEAGUE 2024*
Sat, 24 Feb 2024
2nd Match • Bengaluru, M.Chinnaswamy Stadium
*ROYAL-CHALLENGERS-BANGALORE-WOMEN*
RCBW:157-6 (20)

*UP-WARRIORZ*
UPW: 155-7 (20)

Royal Challengers Bangalore Women won by 2 runs

2. *CRICKET TEST SERIES 2024*
*INDIA Vs England*
Day 2: Stumps - India trail by 134 runs
IND: 219−7 (73)

Batters
Kuldeep Yadav *17
Dhruv Jurel : 30

3. The 2023–24 Men's FIH Pro League is the fifth edition of the Men's FIH Pro League, a field hockey championship for men's national teams. The tournament began on 6 December 2023 and will finish on 30 June 2024.

Indian men's team suffered a heartbreaking 0-3 defeat in the shootout to nemesis Australia in its FIH Pro League match in Rourkela on Saturday.

Australia also earned a bonus point for the win.

4. Indian archers bagged four medals including three gold in the compound section as they faced little competition in the Asia Cup Leg 1 in Baghdad on Saturday.

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*BRAZIL* = Capital
Brasília
Flag: 🇧🇷
*Official language* : Portuguese

*Goverment*:
*President* : Lula da Silva
*Vice President*
Geraldo Alckmin

*POPULATION* :
203,062,512(in 2022)

*Currency*
Real (R$) (BRL)

*National Animal* : The Jaguar.

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

*In Bharat there are 28 states and 8 Union territories.*
Population of Bharat:
142 cr (2023)

*President of Bharat* ,
Smt Droupadi Murmu

*Vice President*
Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar

*Prime Minister* : Shri Narendra Modi

*Speaker Lok Sabha* :
Shri Om Birla (BJP)

*Rajyasabha Seats* : 245 (233 Elected + 12 Nominated)

*Loksabha* : 550 members (530 States 20 Union Territories)

*Chief Election Commissioner:*
Shri Rajiv Kumar
🇮🇳 *FACTS ABOUT BHARAT* 🇮🇳
=======================
The name K2 is derived from notation used by the Great Trigonometrical Survey of British India. Thomas Montgomerie made the first survey of the Karakoram from Mount Haramukh, some 210 km (130 mi) to the south, and sketched the two most prominent peaks, labelling them K1 and K2, where the K stands for Karakoram.

8,610 m (28,250 ft)
=======================
*😀Thought of the day*
=======================
What you do today can improve all your tomorrows =======================
* *JOKE OF THE DAY* 
=======================
Ek जमाने में जब कोई अकेला बैठकर हंसता था, तो लोग कहते थे… कि इसपर कोई भूत-प्रेत का सांया है..!!

आज कोई अकेले में बैठकर हंसता है..तो कहते हैं…

मुझे भी SEND कर दे भाई…😂
=======================
*😳WHY❓❓❓*
=======================
**Why do people get sick with changing seasons* * ⁉️⁉️⁉️⁉️

According to medical research, most grown-ups suffer from cold 2-4 times and children 5-7 times every year. This roughly coincides with the number of times season changes within a year too. The correlation exists for a reason.

Every time we observe a change in the season, the count of allergens in the environment also spikes up to nearly 200 viruses in the air.

These viruses are mostly responsible for getting people under the weather. The most common symptoms of a cold that can be observed are:

Stuffy nose
Scratchy or sore throat
Sneezing
Watery eyes
Mucus draining from your nose into your throat
High fever or muscle aches
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*Why the change of season causes cold?* ⁉️⁉️⁉️

People mostly feel a little under the weather whenever the seasons change. The shift in temperatures provides an apt condition for different groups of viruses to flourish, which then spread contagious diseases.

*The most common of the virus is Human Rhinovirus (HRV) that causes up to 40 percent of all colds. They flourish in cooler weather, such as in spring and winter.*
In summers, people with seasonal allergies get a runny nose and itchy eyes when they’re near pollen, mould, or grass. Their immune system gets busy reacting to these allergens, leaving them more vulnerable to viral attacks.
The Influenza virus causes flu that divides and spreads mostly when the air is cold and dry like in winters.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*why urine is some time yellow in colour*

Urine color generally ranges from a pale-yellow color to deep amber. This coloring is primarily caused by the pigment urochrome, also known as urobilin.

Whether your urine is diluted by water or in a more concentrated form determines the appearance of the pigment.
=======================
*LEARN Sanskrit** 🙏🏻
=======================
*क्रोधः प्रीतिं प्रणाशयति मानो विनयनाशनः* ।

माया मित्त्राणि नाशयति लोभः सर्वविनाशनः* ॥

krōdhaḥ prītiṃ praṇāśayati mānō vinayanāśanaḥ ।

māyā mittrāṇi nāśayati lōbhaḥ sarvavināśanaḥ ॥

*Meaning* : Anger destroys love, pride destroys modesty, hypocrisy destroys friendship, while avarice destroys everything.

*भावार्थ* : क्रोध प्रेम को नष्ट कर देता है, अभिमान विनय को नष्ट कर देता है, पाखंड मित्रता को नष्ट कर देता है, जबकि लोभ(लालच) सब कुछ नष्ट कर देता है।
=======================
🤔 *HOW IT WORKS* ⁉ =======================
*How a Ambidextrous people have the ability to use both hands with equal dexterity. ...*

Being ambidextrous means you can use both of your hands with equal skill. Whether you're writing, brushing your teeth, or throwing a ball, you can do it just as well with either hand.
Coming from the Latin word ambidexter, which means “right-handed on both sides,” ambidextrous describes someone who can use either hand to write.
Only about one percent of people are naturally ambidextrous, which equates to about 70,000,000 people out of the world's population of 7 billion.

When somebody is ambidextrous, they use both side of their brain, i.e. they tend to utilise a bigger part of the brain as compared to non-ambidextrous people, which helps in developing areas of the brain which help us in better decision making and viewing a problem from several different perspectives, hence helping us to enhance our thinking abilities and experiences along with increase in motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

So basically, being Ambidextrous doesn't make us Intelligent, it makes us Smarter.
=======================
💁🏻‍♂‍ *GK TODAY*
=======================
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 28 European countries and 2 North American countries. The organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4 April 1949.
=======================
*BORN TODAY* 🐣💐
=======================
Meher Baba (born Merwan Sheriar Irani; 25 February 1894 – 31 January 1969) was an Indian spiritual master. Merwan Sheriar Irani was born in 1894 in Poona, India, to Irani Zoroastrian parents. His spiritual transformation began when he was 19 years old and lasted for seven years.
=======================
🙏🏻 *IDIOMS & PHRASES*
=======================
Saving for a rainy day Saving money for later
=======================
*ANTONYM*
Courage × Cowardice

*SYNONYMS*
Misery : Distress
=========================
🛕 *VEDIK GYAN*
=======================
According to Skanda Purana, Gayatri is another name of Saraswati or her form .
Goddess Gayatri is additionally called "Veda-Mata" or the Mother of the Vedas - Rig, Yajur, Saam and Atharva - in light of the fact that it is the very premise of the Vedas.
Goddess Gayatri is the representation of the divine essence of Mahalakshmi, Mahasaraswati and Mahakali. The word Gayatri is a combination of 'Gaya' which translates to mean the hymn of wisdom and 'Tri' represents the combined strength of the three Goddesses.

Gayatri Mantra is one of the oldest and most powerful Vedic mantras as per Hindu religious beliefs.

ॐ भूर् भुवः स्वः
तत् सवितुर्वरेण्यं
भर्गो देवस्य धीमहि
धियो यो नः प्रचोदयात्

According to Vedas, time has three qualities: satva, rajas, and tamas. (Purity, passion and inaction)
4 am to 8 am and 4 pm to 8 pm have the satvic quality
8 am to 4 pm are rajasic
8 pm and 4 am are tamasic
Satva is the best time to chant the Gayatri Mantra.

Hence, the Gayatri Mantra should be recited between 4 am and 8 am and 4 pm and 8 am.

Brahmarshi Vishvamitra is one of the most venerated rishis or sages. He is also credited as the author of most of Mandala 3 of the Rigveda, including Gayatri Mantra.
=======================
🧬 *HEALTH CARE: HOME REMEDIES*🩺
( *Note* : These home tips followed in villages/ancient traditions, it is up to you to use it or not🙏🏻) =======================
*Home Remedies for Diarrhea*

This condition is termed as Atisara in Ayurveda. Diarrhoea could be caused by any of the following: intake of foods of any particular quality in excess; foods incompatible with your prakriti or with seasonal variations; intake of foods that are not well cooked; contaminated water or other beverages etc.

Whey and buttermilk are considered effective remedies for diarrhoea. Whey is the liquid portion of curd while buttermilk is obtained by churning the curd after the fat has been removed. Take any one of them in small volumes at frequent intervals.

Raw banana is an effective astringent and is recommended widely as a diet for treating diarrhoea. Cut one raw banana into three pieces and soften them in a pressure cooker using an adequate volume of water. Drain out the excess water. Separate the peel and mash the softened pulp well. In a skillet, roast a small volume of poppy seeds till they turn brown. Grind them to obtain a fine powder. Add this powder to banana mash together with a pinch of salt. This delicious and nutritious recipe checks diarrhoea through its astringent properties.

The dried rind of a pomegranate is an invaluable remedy for diarrhoea. A fine powder of this rind, 1 gm twice a day, taken with buttermilk helps check the frequency of loose motions.
Pratap Chandra Mohanty.



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PRATAP CHANDRA MOHANTY, Jagatsinghapur, Orissa (OR)
25/02/2024 10:37 PM
Submit
NEWS & VEWS ( ALL IN ONE )

*25 Feb (Sunday)*
*Vedic Ritu/* Shishir Ritu
*Drik Ritu* : Vasant (Spring)
पक्ष :: *Krishnapaksh*
*Vikram Samvat - 2080*
*Shaka Samvat - 1945*
*Month* : Magha 16 (Amanta)
Phalguna 01 (Purnimanta) *Nakshatr*:Purva Phalguni, Uttara Phalguni
*Tithi :* Pratipada (up to 8:36 pm)Dwitiya
*Rahu* 04:58 PM – 06:24 PM
*Yamaganda* 12:40 PM – 02:06 PM

*WEEKEND NEWS UPDATES @ HELPFUL FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS #STATE & UPSC* https://youtu.be/zBZ04xSyynw?si=ZpAlcPs01zHBrVBb

×××××××××××××××××××××××
*TODAYS TOP NEWS*
××××××××××××××××××××××

1. PM Modi will share his thoughts with the nation through his Mann Ki Baat programme on Akashvani at 11 AM today. It will be the 110th episode of the monthly radio programme.

2. PM Modi will dedicate to the nation country's longest signature stayed ‘Sudarshan Setu’ connecting Okha mainland with Beyt Dwarka island today. PM will inaugurate and lay the foundation stone of multiple development projects worth over 52,250 crore rupees at Dwaraka and Rajkot Gujarat.

3. The AIIMS at Kalyani, is scheduled to be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually on Sunday, The AIIMS Kalyani, located in Nadia district of the state, has been set up on an area larger than 20,000 square metres.

4. PM Modi will virtually dedicate 300 bedded satellite Centre of Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) on Sunday (25th February 2024) in Sangrur, Punjab from Rajkot, Gujarat. The Prime Minister will also lay the foundation stone of 100 bedded Satellite Centre of PGIMER at Ferozpur, Punjab.

5. Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma informed that the cabinet has approved the Assam Official Language (Amendment) Bill, 2024, to recognise the Manipuri language in four districts – Cachar, Karimganj, Hailakandi and Hojai.

6. Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Saturday travelled by a local train from Ghatkopar in Mumbai to Kalyan in neighbouring Thane district.

7. The Rahul Gandhi-led Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra on Saturday resumed from Moradabad in Uttar Pradesh with Congress general secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra joining her brother in the yatra's final leg in the state. She will accompany Gandhi as the yatra passes through Amroha, Sambhal, Bulandshahr, Aligarh, Hathras, Agra, concluding at Fatehpur Sikri on Sunday.

8. An alliance between the Aam Aadmi Party and the Congress in Delhi and in different states, including Gujarat and Haryana, for the Lok Sabha polls announced. In Delhi, the Congress will contest on three seats -- Chandni Chowk, North East and North West --, while the AAP will contest on four seats -- New Delhi, West Delhi, South Delhi and East Delhi.

In Gujarat the Congress will contest on 24 Lok Sabha seats out of 26 while the AAP will have its candidates on two seats in Bharuch and Bhavnagar.

9. On the instructions of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, the police constable recruitment examination held on 17 and 18 February in Uttar Pradesh has been cancelled. The examination will be conducted again with complete accuracy within the next 6 months. Candidates reappearing in the examination would be provided free transport facilities by Uttar Pradesh Transport Corporation.

10. In Maharashtra: Nationalist Congress Party founder Sharad Pawar on Saturday unveiled his outfit's symbol -- 'man blowing turha (traditional trumpet)' -- calling it an inspiration to launch a new struggle for people's welfare and a government which works for their upliftment.

11. The two day meeting of the full election commission in Chennai concluded on Saturday ( 24 February 2024) . The meeting reviewed the poll preparedness ahead of the Lok Sabha election. Chief Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar and Election Commissioner Arun Goel led the meeting for the past two days with representatives of political parties district collectors and district police officials.

12. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecast thunderstorm and lightning over Central India in the upcoming days. The IMD said that light to moderate rainfall, thunderstorms and lighting will fall over parts of Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha, Chhattisgarh and Telangana.

×××××××××××××××××××××××
*LEGAL REPORT*
#Chief Justice of India:
Shri Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud

#Minister Of Law & Justice : Arjun Ram Meghwal
#International Court Of Justice Prz. : Nawaf Salam

××××××××××××××××××××××

1. The Election Commission of India on Saturday debunked a fake WhatsApp message circulating about the schedule for the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. In a social media post, the Commission said no dates have been announced so far by the Election Commission and called it a fake message. It further stated that the dates of the election will be announced through a press conference.

2. Farmers participating in the 'Delhi Chalo' call will not end their agitation until their demands are met, farmer leader Sarwan Singh Pandher said on Saturday while indicating that their stir may continue even after the model code of conduct for the Lok Sabha polls comes into force.

3. Authorities initiated the process of partially reopening Singhu and Tikri borders with Haryana on Saturday, almost two weeks after they were sealed in view of farmers' 'Delhi Chalo' march.

Fact check team of Press Information Bureau - PIB, Government of India has cautioned the public about the AI generated images of farmers'protests which are circulating on social media. Team clarified that the photo used in social media is a representative image created by AI and not an authentic photograph.

4. Haldwani violence alleged mastermind Abdul Malik was arrested from Delhi on Saturday, Malik allegedly built an "illegal" madrasa in the Banbhoolpura area of Haldwani. Its demolition led to the violence in Banbhoolpura area of Haldwani on 8 February. Six people were killed and more than a hundred including police personnel and journalists injured in the Banbhoolpura violence.

5. The newly enacted laws -- the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and the Bharatiya Sakshya Act -- to completely overhaul the criminal justice system in the country will come into effect from July 1.

The three laws got the Parliament's approval on December 21 last year and President Droupadi Murmu gave her assent on December 25.

6. The Rajasthan government has suspended two teachers from a government school in Kota district for their alleged involvement in religious conversion and ties to banned terror outfits links to Pakistani groups.

7. Protests against alleged land-grabbing by TMC leaders spread to Majherpara and Halderpara localities in West Bengal’s Sandeshkhali block on Saturday. Protesters sought the arrest of fugitive TMC leader Sheikh Shahjahan and his brother Sheikh Sirajuddin.

"""""""""" *MISHAP* """"""""""
Twenty people, including seven children, died when the tractor-trolley in which they were travelling overturned and fell into a pond in Uttar Pradesh's Kasganj district on Saturday morning. They were going to take a bath in the Ganga river.

×××××××××××××××××××××××
*FINANCE*
#Minister: Nirmala Sitharaman.
#Commerce & Industry : Piyush Goyal
#RBI Gvrnr: Shaktikanta Das
#President of the World Bank : Ajay Banga
#IMF MD: Kristalina Georgieva
××××××××××××××××××××××
 *USD* ₹ 82.88
💷 *GBP* ₹ 105.09
€ *Euro* : ₹ 89.82
********************
*GDP(PPP )* :
purchasing power parity (PPP)
*$13.119 trillion*

*GDP (nominal)*
: *$3.73 trillion*
(Nominal means total market value of all goods and services produced in a country's economy) .

*GDP growth* : 7.6% (Q2 2023-24)

India is the fifth largest economy in the world.

*Inflation rate* : Retail Inflation 5.69% in Dec 2023

*Population* : 143.86 cr
(17.7% of the total world population).
*Unemployment* : 10.09% (Oct2023)

*Per capita*: This income is also known as average income as it is calculated by dividing the total income of the country by the total population of the country.

*GDP per capita*
$2,845 (Nominal; 2024)
$9,983 (PPP; 2024)

************************
*BSE SENSEX*
73,142.80 −15.45 (0.021%)🔻
*NIFTY*
22,212.70 −4.75 (0.021%)🔻
***********************
*Rates in Financial Capital Mumbai*

*GOLD* : ₹ 62,730/10gm (24 krt)

*SILVER* : ₹ 75,000/KG

**************************
⛽ *FUEL in DELHI*
**************************
*PETROL* : ₹ 97/Ltr
*DIESEL* : ₹ 90/Ltr
*CNG* : ₹ 76/Ltr
*LPG* : ₹ 903/14.2 Kg
******************
⛽ *FUEL in MUMBAI*
********************
*PETROL* : ₹ 106/Ltr
*DIESEL* : 95/Ltr
*Auto Gas* : ₹ 60/Ltr
*CNG* : 76/Kg
*LPG* : ₹ 903/14.2 Kg
×××××××××××××××××××××××
*ENTERTAINMENT NEWS*

#Information and Broadcasting Minister: Shri Anurag Singh Thakur

#Chairman of The Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) :
R Madhavan

#Chairman of Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC): Prasoon Joshi
×××××××××××××××××××××××

Yami Gautam and Priyamani starrer Article 370 Budget & Day 2 Box Office Collection Worldwide is off to a good start and is the 3rd highest of 2024 after Fighter and Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya.

ARTICLE 370 TOTAL TILL NOW BOX OFFICE COLLECTION
12.25 to 13.25 Crore nett Trade Figure

×××××××××××××××××××××××
*DEFENCE*
#Supreme Commander of Armed Forces: The President
#Def Minister: Rajnath Singh
#Def Minister of State :
Ajay Bhatt
#Union Home : Amit Shah
#National Security Advisor : Ajit Doval
#Chief of Defence Staff:
Gen Anil Chauhan, PVSM UYSM AVSM SM VSM
×××××××××××××××××××××××

1. DRDO will showcase its state-of-the-art Wheeled CBRN 8x8 vehicle that will be displayed for the first time in the MSME Defence Expo from February 24th to 26th at the Pune International Exhibition and Convention Centre (PIECC).

2. An Indian warship provided critical assistance to a Palau-flagged cargo vessel in the Gulf of Aden after it caught fire following a missile attack, in the latest in a series of such support missions by the Indian Navy in the region. The vessel MV Islander came under attack on February 22 and a crew member of the ship sustained injuries, Indian military officials said Saturday.

3. The Indian Navy has launched a probe into reports of large fishing vessels bearing Chinese flags allegedly sneaking into the Indian territorial waters in the Arabian Sea near the Karnataka coastal region.

4. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh on Friday held talks with his Dutch counterpart Kajsa Ollongren with a focus on boosting industrial defence cooperation.

5. Recently the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) has given the green light for procuring more than 200 BrahMos extended-range supersonic cruise missiles for deployment on warships, as per media reports. The proposed acquisition deal – estimated at around ₹19,000 crore – was reportedly cleared in a committee meeting.

6. In a joint operation with Meghalaya police, the Border Security Force (BSF) seized a large quantity of sugar and betel nuts valued at over Rs 20 lakh. The illegal consignment was seized along the international border of South Garo Hills before it could be smuggled into Bangladesh.

7. As part of continued endeavour to reach out to the Veterans and Veer Naris, Trishakti Corps conducted Ex Servicemen (ESM) Rally at Kalimpong on Saturday (24th February 2024). The event was attended by 563 ESM and included 05 Veer Naris and 03 War Veterans along with their dependents.

8. The country's largest and Maharashtra's first 'Maharashtra MSME Defense Expo' was inaugurated by Deputy Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis on Saturday evening at International Exhibition and Convention Center at Moshi near Pune.

××××××××××××××××××××××

××××××××××××××××××××××××
✈ *INTERNATIONAL NEWS*
+++++++++++++++++++
#External affairs Minister: Subrahmanyam Jaishankar
××××××××××××××××××××××××

1. On the sidelines of Raisina Dialogue in Delhi, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar met with Australia's Director-General of the Office of National Intelligence (ONI), Andrew Shearer on Saturday.

2. External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar on Saturday underscored the Quad's transformation into a "significant and substantive platform" for four major Indo-Pacific democracies while highlighting its role in upholding an open and inclusive Indo-Pacific. In an address during the closing day of the Raisina Dialogue in the national capital, Jaishankar acknowledged the Quad's emergence as a response to global necessities.

3. External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar on Friday emphasised that India has a partnership with individual countries, adding that it also has a partnership with the European Union as a whole.

4. External Affairs Minister, S Jaishankar on Friday said that India should not give power to other countries to influence its policy changes and should be confident enough to "leverage the international system to create the best possible outcome" for itself.

××××××××××××××××××××××××
🌎 *WORLD NEWS* 🌍
UNO Gen. Secy : António Guterres.
========================
1. *UN CHIEF AGAIN CALLS FOR RUSSIA TO STOP INVASION OF UKRAINE:* United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres has reiterated his call for the "fundamental need to honour the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine," as the world body convened to mark the second anniversary of the Russian invasion.

2. The second anniversary of the Russia-Ukraine war saw a major Russian steel factory hit by Ukrainian drones on Saturday (Feb 24). The attack happened overnight, causing a large fire. The attack was confirmed by the governor of Russia's Lipetsk region, which took place in the city of Lipetsk, some 400 km (250 miles) north of the Ukrainian border.

3. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said the cabinet will convene next week to discuss and approve Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) plans to launch a ground offensive in Rafah - the southernmost city in the Gaza Strip. Netanyahu added that the meeting will also include plans for the evacuation of civilians from the area.

4. Alexei Navalny's body returned to his mother over a week after his death in Russian prison. On 16 February 2024, the Russian prison service reported that Alexei Navalny, opposition leader and President Vladimir Putin's most vociferous critic, had died at the age of 47.

US President Joe Biden met with the wife and daughter of late Russian opposition leader Alexey Navalny in San Francisco and expressed his heartfelt condolences following the death of Russian leader in prison.

5. Tunisian court sentenced former President Moncef Marzouki to eight years in prison after he was found guilty in absentia of seeking to provoke disorder.

6. At least 15 people were killed and 44 wounded in a fire at a residential building in China’s eastern city of Nanjing.

7. In Pakistan: PicThe Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam Fazl (JUI-F) on Friday staged protest rallies in various parts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's Malakand and Hazara divisions against the alleged election rigging and Supreme Court verdict in a 'proscribed literature' case. Pakistan's apex court recently issued a release order for a person accused of distributing supposedly proscribed religious literature.

8. Former US President Donald Trump has defeated his Indian-American Republican rival Nikki Haley in the crucial party primary in the latter's home turf of South Carolina.

************************
🚣🚴🏇🏊 *SPORTS*
#Minister: Shri Anurag Singh Thakur
#BCCI president:
Roger Binny
#Hockey India President:
Dilip Tirkey
#16th President of the Indian Olympic Association : P. T. Usha
*************************

1. *WOMENS PREMIER LEAGUE 2024*
Sat, 24 Feb 2024
2nd Match • Bengaluru, M.Chinnaswamy Stadium
*ROYAL-CHALLENGERS-BANGALORE-WOMEN*
RCBW:157-6 (20)

*UP-WARRIORZ*
UPW: 155-7 (20)

Royal Challengers Bangalore Women won by 2 runs

2. *CRICKET TEST SERIES 2024*
*INDIA Vs England*
Day 2: Stumps - India trail by 134 runs
IND: 219−7 (73)

Batters
Kuldeep Yadav *17
Dhruv Jurel : 30

3. The 2023–24 Men's FIH Pro League is the fifth edition of the Men's FIH Pro League, a field hockey championship for men's national teams. The tournament began on 6 December 2023 and will finish on 30 June 2024.

Indian men's team suffered a heartbreaking 0-3 defeat in the shootout to nemesis Australia in its FIH Pro League match in Rourkela on Saturday.

Australia also earned a bonus point for the win.

4. Indian archers bagged four medals including three gold in the compound section as they faced little competition in the Asia Cup Leg 1 in Baghdad on Saturday.

*************************

*BRAZIL* = Capital
Brasília
Flag: 🇧🇷
*Official language* : Portuguese

*Goverment*:
*President* : Lula da Silva
*Vice President*
Geraldo Alckmin

*POPULATION* :
203,062,512(in 2022)

*Currency*
Real (R$) (BRL)

*National Animal* : The Jaguar.

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

*In Bharat there are 28 states and 8 Union territories.*
Population of Bharat:
142 cr (2023)

*President of Bharat* ,
Smt Droupadi Murmu

*Vice President*
Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar

*Prime Minister* : Shri Narendra Modi

*Speaker Lok Sabha* :
Shri Om Birla (BJP)

*Rajyasabha Seats* : 245 (233 Elected + 12 Nominated)

*Loksabha* : 550 members (530 States 20 Union Territories)

*Chief Election Commissioner:*
Shri Rajiv Kumar
🇮🇳 *FACTS ABOUT BHARAT* 🇮🇳
=======================
The name K2 is derived from notation used by the Great Trigonometrical Survey of British India. Thomas Montgomerie made the first survey of the Karakoram from Mount Haramukh, some 210 km (130 mi) to the south, and sketched the two most prominent peaks, labelling them K1 and K2, where the K stands for Karakoram.

8,610 m (28,250 ft)
=======================
*😀Thought of the day*
=======================
What you do today can improve all your tomorrows =======================
* *JOKE OF THE DAY* 
=======================
Ek जमाने में जब कोई अकेला बैठकर हंसता था, तो लोग कहते थे… कि इसपर कोई भूत-प्रेत का सांया है..!!

आज कोई अकेले में बैठकर हंसता है..तो कहते हैं…

मुझे भी SEND कर दे भाई…😂
=======================
*😳WHY❓❓❓*
=======================
**Why do people get sick with changing seasons* * ⁉️⁉️⁉️⁉️

According to medical research, most grown-ups suffer from cold 2-4 times and children 5-7 times every year. This roughly coincides with the number of times season changes within a year too. The correlation exists for a reason.

Every time we observe a change in the season, the count of allergens in the environment also spikes up to nearly 200 viruses in the air.

These viruses are mostly responsible for getting people under the weather. The most common symptoms of a cold that can be observed are:

Stuffy nose
Scratchy or sore throat
Sneezing
Watery eyes
Mucus draining from your nose into your throat
High fever or muscle aches
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*Why the change of season causes cold?* ⁉️⁉️⁉️

People mostly feel a little under the weather whenever the seasons change. The shift in temperatures provides an apt condition for different groups of viruses to flourish, which then spread contagious diseases.

*The most common of the virus is Human Rhinovirus (HRV) that causes up to 40 percent of all colds. They flourish in cooler weather, such as in spring and winter.*
In summers, people with seasonal allergies get a runny nose and itchy eyes when they’re near pollen, mould, or grass. Their immune system gets busy reacting to these allergens, leaving them more vulnerable to viral attacks.
The Influenza virus causes flu that divides and spreads mostly when the air is cold and dry like in winters.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*why urine is some time yellow in colour*

Urine color generally ranges from a pale-yellow color to deep amber. This coloring is primarily caused by the pigment urochrome, also known as urobilin.

Whether your urine is diluted by water or in a more concentrated form determines the appearance of the pigment.
=======================
*LEARN Sanskrit** 🙏🏻
=======================
*क्रोधः प्रीतिं प्रणाशयति मानो विनयनाशनः* ।

माया मित्त्राणि नाशयति लोभः सर्वविनाशनः* ॥

krōdhaḥ prītiṃ praṇāśayati mānō vinayanāśanaḥ ।

māyā mittrāṇi nāśayati lōbhaḥ sarvavināśanaḥ ॥

*Meaning* : Anger destroys love, pride destroys modesty, hypocrisy destroys friendship, while avarice destroys everything.

*भावार्थ* : क्रोध प्रेम को नष्ट कर देता है, अभिमान विनय को नष्ट कर देता है, पाखंड मित्रता को नष्ट कर देता है, जबकि लोभ(लालच) सब कुछ नष्ट कर देता है।
=======================
🤔 *HOW IT WORKS* ⁉ =======================
*How a Ambidextrous people have the ability to use both hands with equal dexterity. ...*

Being ambidextrous means you can use both of your hands with equal skill. Whether you're writing, brushing your teeth, or throwing a ball, you can do it just as well with either hand.
Coming from the Latin word ambidexter, which means “right-handed on both sides,” ambidextrous describes someone who can use either hand to write.
Only about one percent of people are naturally ambidextrous, which equates to about 70,000,000 people out of the world's population of 7 billion.

When somebody is ambidextrous, they use both side of their brain, i.e. they tend to utilise a bigger part of the brain as compared to non-ambidextrous people, which helps in developing areas of the brain which help us in better decision making and viewing a problem from several different perspectives, hence helping us to enhance our thinking abilities and experiences along with increase in motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

So basically, being Ambidextrous doesn't make us Intelligent, it makes us Smarter.
=======================
💁🏻‍♂‍ *GK TODAY*
=======================
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 28 European countries and 2 North American countries. The organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4 April 1949.
=======================
*BORN TODAY* 🐣💐
=======================
Meher Baba (born Merwan Sheriar Irani; 25 February 1894 – 31 January 1969) was an Indian spiritual master. Merwan Sheriar Irani was born in 1894 in Poona, India, to Irani Zoroastrian parents. His spiritual transformation began when he was 19 years old and lasted for seven years.
=======================
🙏🏻 *IDIOMS & PHRASES*
=======================
Saving for a rainy day Saving money for later
=======================
*ANTONYM*
Courage × Cowardice

*SYNONYMS*
Misery : Distress
=========================
🛕 *VEDIK GYAN*
=======================
According to Skanda Purana, Gayatri is another name of Saraswati or her form .
Goddess Gayatri is additionally called "Veda-Mata" or the Mother of the Vedas - Rig, Yajur, Saam and Atharva - in light of the fact that it is the very premise of the Vedas.
Goddess Gayatri is the representation of the divine essence of Mahalakshmi, Mahasaraswati and Mahakali. The word Gayatri is a combination of 'Gaya' which translates to mean the hymn of wisdom and 'Tri' represents the combined strength of the three Goddesses.

Gayatri Mantra is one of the oldest and most powerful Vedic mantras as per Hindu religious beliefs.

ॐ भूर् भुवः स्वः
तत् सवितुर्वरेण्यं
भर्गो देवस्य धीमहि
धियो यो नः प्रचोदयात्

According to Vedas, time has three qualities: satva, rajas, and tamas. (Purity, passion and inaction)
4 am to 8 am and 4 pm to 8 pm have the satvic quality
8 am to 4 pm are rajasic
8 pm and 4 am are tamasic
Satva is the best time to chant the Gayatri Mantra.

Hence, the Gayatri Mantra should be recited between 4 am and 8 am and 4 pm and 8 am.

Brahmarshi Vishvamitra is one of the most venerated rishis or sages. He is also credited as the author of most of Mandala 3 of the Rigveda, including Gayatri Mantra.
=======================
🧬 *HEALTH CARE: HOME REMEDIES*🩺
( *Note* : These home tips followed in villages/ancient traditions, it is up to you to use it or not🙏🏻) =======================
*Home Remedies for Diarrhea*

This condition is termed as Atisara in Ayurveda. Diarrhoea could be caused by any of the following: intake of foods of any particular quality in excess; foods incompatible with your prakriti or with seasonal variations; intake of foods that are not well cooked; contaminated water or other beverages etc.

Whey and buttermilk are considered effective remedies for diarrhoea. Whey is the liquid portion of curd while buttermilk is obtained by churning the curd after the fat has been removed. Take any one of them in small volumes at frequent intervals.

Raw banana is an effective astringent and is recommended widely as a diet for treating diarrhoea. Cut one raw banana into three pieces and soften them in a pressure cooker using an adequate volume of water. Drain out the excess water. Separate the peel and mash the softened pulp well. In a skillet, roast a small volume of poppy seeds till they turn brown. Grind them to obtain a fine powder. Add this powder to banana mash together with a pinch of salt. This delicious and nutritious recipe checks diarrhoea through its astringent properties.

The dried rind of a pomegranate is an invaluable remedy for diarrhoea. A fine powder of this rind, 1 gm twice a day, taken with buttermilk helps check the frequency of loose motions.
Pratap Chandra Mohanty.



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